Mahatma Gandhi — Father of the Nation
Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi, popularly known as Mahatma Gandhi, was the leader of India’s independence movement and is known worldwide for his philosophy of non-violent resistance.
Early Life
Gandhi was born on October 2, 1869, in Porbandar, Gujarat. He studied law in London and practiced law in South Africa, where he first developed his philosophy of non-violent protest against racial discrimination.
Role in Indian Independence
Gandhi returned to India in 1915 and became the leader of the Indian National Congress. He led several historic movements:
- Non-Cooperation Movement (1920-1922) — Boycott of British goods and institutions
- Salt March (1930) — A 240-mile march to protest the salt tax
- Quit India Movement (1942) — A call for immediate British withdrawal
Philosophy
Gandhi’s philosophy of Satyagraha (truth-force) and Ahimsa (non-violence) inspired civil rights movements worldwide. His principles influenced leaders like Martin Luther King Jr. and Nelson Mandela.
Legacy
Gandhi was assassinated on January 30, 1948, by Nathuram Godse. His birthday, October 2, is celebrated as Gandhi Jayanti, a national holiday in India and the International Day of Non-Violence worldwide.